Malappuram is a city[1] in the southern Indian state of Kerala, spread over an area of 33.61 km2 (12.98 sq mi). The first municipality in the district formed in 1970, Malappuram serves as the administrative headquarters of Malappuram district. Divided into 40 electoral wards, the city has a population density of 2,083 per square kilometre (5,390 per square mile). As per the 2011 census Malappuram Urban Agglomeration is the fourth largest urban agglomeration in Kerala state with a total population of 1,698,645.[2] Malappuram is situated 54 km southeast of Calicut and 90 km northwest of Palghat.

         Malappuram was a military headquarters from ancient times though the ancient history of the city is hardly seen recorded. However, there are some pre-historic relics, particularly Rock-cut caves found in some parts of the city like Oorakam, Melmuri, Ponmala, Vengara etc. manifesting the inhabitancy. Locality named like Valiyangadi, Kootilangadi, Pallipuram etc. points to the Jain - Buddhist history of Malappuram. Notably, the 1500 year old Jain Temple above 2000 ft sea level at Oorakam Hill of Malappuram undoubtedly proves the same. During the Sangam period, Eranadan Malappuram was under the Chera Empire. Places like Pattar Kadav, Panakkad etc. are possibly evolved out of Pattars and Panars having lived there. But no further details are available about the life and culture of the people either during the Sangam age or in the post-Sangam age. Archeological relics found in Malappuram also include the remnants of palaces of the eastern branch of the Zamorin reign. Details of the rulers of erstwhile Malappuram, who were the ancestors of later Zamorins, figure in the Jewish copper plates of Bhaskara Ravi Varman (1000 AD) and in the Kottayam copper plates of Veera Raghava Chakravarthy (1225 AD). The later history of the city is interwoven with the history of Zamorin's rule.

Economy

        A major driver of the local economy is the remittances of the migrants residing in the Middle East, by which banking sector in Malappuram has huge NRI deposits. And so its natural for Malappuram to hold 9th position in Top Ten Towns with highest per capita bank deposits in India.[7] The city has a strong trader community in which hotels and bakery business out numbers, followed by the textile and medical sector. With all leading automobile brands establishing their showrooms in the city, Malappuram RTO has witnessed highest number of vehicle registration in the state since couple of years. Malappuram RTO is considered as the gold mine of Kerala Vehicle department[8] earning around 250cr every year. Ford, Fiat, Hyundai, Maruthi Suzuki, Honda, Volkswagen, Renault, Nissan, Toyota etc. have their showrooms in the city. Showrooms for all leading Two wheeler, Three Wheeler, Light and Medium Vehicles etc. are also present aplenty. Malappuram is one of the city where new luxury cars arrive apace whenever introduced due to the car collection habits of business men here. Tourism is the major crowd puller of the city. Places like Kottakkunnu, Shanthitheeram etc. attracts lakhs of people from all over the state. According to the industries department of Kerala, visitors in the Kottakkunnu during festive season are more than 9 to 10 lakh. General engineering, cloth manufacturing, timber oriented business etc. are the commonly found industrial enterprises in the city. Almost 50 percent of employees in the city are part of service sector. Being the district headquarters, people working in different government offices contributes a major part in the commerce and the economy.

Industries

        Though not counted as an industrial city, Malappuram has its fair share of industrial enterprises. MALCOSPIN (The Malappuram Co-Op Spinning Mills Limited) started in 1979 is the oldest industrial establishment in Malappuram under the state government located at Mamparamba. SME Park (also known as Inkel Industrial Park) is a 70-acre industrial zone located at Panakkad, with built up spaces for Non-polluting industries. Formed under the subsidiary of Inkel limited and KSIDC called Inkid, the park has several production units functioning such as Capstone Diamond Manufacturing Unit, VKC Footwear Manufacturing Unit, Carton Box Manufacturing Unit, DuraTec Readimix Unit, Printing Press of a leading Newspaper, Furniture Manufacturing Unit etc.

Healthcare

           There are various hospitals in the city such as  Malappuram, District Co-operative hospital, District Homeopathic hospital, Govt. Taluk Hospital, Mass Ayurvedic Hospital, Orchid Institute of Health Care & Research (Orchid Hospital), MB Hospital, Christian Mission Hospital, MM Chest Hospital, Vasan Eye Care Hospital, Malabar Eye Hospital etc. Apart from these aplenty Dental Specialty clinics and general health centres in the city serves the people.

Education

        City has several educational institutions right from the school level to higher education. Kendriya Vidyalaya,  Malabar Special Police HSS, Government Girls Higher secondary school, Govt.Boys, St.Gemmas HSS, Islahiya HSS, A.U.P School, Sree Arunodaya vidya nigethan etc. to name a few schools. City is lacking an Engineering College under Government despite having the largest number of students appearing and excelling in respective entrance exams. Govt. College, Malappuram, which is the oldest college in the city, started in 1972, College of Applied Science Malappuram and Govt. College for Women started in 2015 along with many other private colleges serves the higher educational purpose. Govt.TTI and MCT TTI are few teachers training institutes. Regional Directorate of Higher Secondary Education and Regional Office (Malabar) of State Open School are located in the city inside Civil Station. City has two education cities dedicated for educational institutions of different field of studies under various stages of construction named Inkel Educity located at Panakkad and Al Abeer Educity at Melmuri.

As of 2011 India census,[10] the city population is 101,330. Males constitute 49% of the population and females 51%. Malappuram has a literacy rate of 96.47%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 97.85%, and female literacy is 95.21%.[10] Malappuram is also one of the million plus UAs in India with a population of 1.6 million making it the 25th biggest and fourth biggest in the country and state respectively. Major language spoken in the city is Malayalam. Hindi and English are also widely understood as official languages, while Tamil and Arabic has considerable speakers. The city population is predominantly Muslim, along with a sizable Hindu population and small Christian population. Malappuram also has many number of Tamils, mainly from rural districts of Tamil Nadu and migrants from North Indian states like West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, UP etc. who are engaged in labour and construction works.

Education Zones

         Malappuram has two education zones specially dedicated for educational institutions under construction namely Inkel Educity, a PPP initiative by KSIDC with Inkel and AL Abeer Educity, a project by GCC based Al Abeer Healthcare group.